point Of Cash control

point Of Cash control

Coshh Regulations - point Of Cash control

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Cash is a vital component of any profit-generating organization. An organization's assets originate revenue, which in turn generates cash inflows. These cash inflows are used for any purposes: to pay creditors, compensate employees, reward shareholders, contribute asset replacement, and contribute for growth.

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Coshh Regulations

Cash is unique because it's the singular asset that is easily convertible into any other type of asset. Therefore, it's also the most widely desired asset. However, cash is also the asset that is most susceptible to fraud and abuse. Therefore, management has to ensure that sufficient controls and safeguards are in place to eliminate any unauthorized transactions with cash.

Fortunately, there are ways management can safeguard the cash generated by its organization. Each of the following methods will help an assosication forestall losses due to human error or theft:

o Monthly bank reconciliation
o Segregation of duties over cash handling
o responsibility for cash shortages
o Authorized cash disbursement
o Internal audits

Monthly Bank Reconciliation. Monthly bank reconciliation will help ensure that the estimate of cash generated by an assosication is consistent with bank records. In addition, an independent recite of the reconciliation by management will contribute an additional safeguard. Independent verification of bank reconciliation acts as a check to make sure the reconciliation was done properly and ensures there is no abuse of the organization's cash.

Segregation of Duties Over Cash Handling. Every assosication must make sure that there is sufficient segregation of duties over cash handling. Separating the duties of cash receipts and disbursements prevents an private from committing and concealing embezzlement.

Accountability for Cash Shortages. management should hold supervisors accountable for cash shortages. If supervisors know that they'll be held accountable for a cash shortage, they'll be motivated to keep a close eye on how cash is used within their departments.

Authorized Cash Disbursement. management should allow cash to be disbursed only straight through checks issued by authorized signers, which will contribute a formula for tracking cash usage. In addition, your assosication should need signatures on all checks in order for them to be valid.

Internal Audits. Every assosication should arrange to have internal audits conducted on a regular basis. Either the auditors come from an internal audit staff or an covering auditing firm, auditing an organization's accounting theory can identify how sufficient and literal, the performance is and Either or not any improvements need to be made.

Establishing A Quickbooks control Environment

QuickBooks allows more than one user to way company files. (Conceptually, an unlimited estimate of users may have way to the company's data files, but only five users may work with the data at the same time.) When multiple users will have way to the company's QuickBooks data files, it commonly is principal to originate a control environment that protects the data from unauthorized use. For example, some users may not need way to sensitive payroll data, while others may not need way to accounts receivable and sales information.

One of the best ways to forestall errors when posting transactions in QuickBooks is to limit way to specified users. If passwords and way permissions are not assigned, users have unlimited way to all areas in QuickBooks. When setting up QuickBooks, one user should be designated as the QuickBooks Administrator.

The QuickBooks Administrator has unlimited way to all areas of QuickBooks and assigns passwords and way permissions to other users. The name and password for the QuickBooks Administrator can be set up by choosing "Set Up Users" from the "Company" menu. The QuickBooks Administrator must be set up before any other users can be set up. Although QuickBooks does not need the use of passwords, the QuickBooks Administrator should set up and use a password since anything logging in to the company's QuickBooks files as the administrator has full way to all areas in QuickBooks. After setting up a name and password, the QuickBooks Administrator should click the "Closing Date" button in the "User List" window and enter the date straight through which books are done in the "Accounting" preferences dialog box. The administrator can also password-protect the end date (requires single-user mode). When this feature is enabled, QuickBooks requires users to enter the password before they can make changes to periods that have been closed.

The QuickBooks Administrator is the only user who can:

o Set up other users.
o convert other users' way permissions.
o Set up a company file using the "EasyStep Interview."
o convert company data (such as company name, address, fiscal year, tax year, tax form, and federal identification number).
o convert company preferences.
o condense data.
o Import and export data.
o Apply for QuickBooks Merchant inventory Services.

Note: Since the QuickBooks Administrator has the potential to password-protect the entire company's files, has way to all accounting functions, and assigns way to all other users, the company should considered consider whom to make your mind up as administrator. The man superior should have an understanding of the significance of this position on the internal control of the company. Some clubs prescription the controller or Chief Financial Officer as the QuickBooks Administrator because those individuals commonly do not have direct interaction with the software.

The QuickBooks Administrator can set up additional users and specify the areas to which each man has access. To do so, make your mind up "Company" from the menu bar and "Set Up Users." Then click the "Add User" button in the "User List" window. Assign a user name and password for the new user. Even though QuickBooks does not need the use of passwords, each user should be set up with a password that must be used when logging in to the company's QuickBooks file. (An unlimited estimate of users can be added, but only five can have way to the company's data file at the same time.)

After setting up the user name and password, the administrator then specifies Either the user will have way to superior areas of QuickBooks or all areas of QuickBooks. The user should not be given way to all areas of QuickBooks since that permission essentially establishes a second administrator allowing users to way the following:

o Sales and accounts receivable.
o Purchases and accounts payable.
o Checking and credit cards.
o Inventory.
o Time tracking.
o Payroll and employees.
o Sensitive accounting activities such as bank transfers, normal journal entries, and online banking.
o Sensitive financial reports.
o Changing or deleting transactions.
o Changing done transactions.

Note: Even if users need way to most of the preceding areas, they should not be allowed to convert done transactions.

Rather than giving users way to all areas of QuickBooks, the QuickBooks Administrator should give users way to superior areas. In that case, the QuickBooks Administrator specifies Either the user should be given no access, full access, or selective way to each private area listed in the preceding paragraph. If the user is given selective way in a singular area, the QuickBooks Administrator also must specify Either the user can (a) originate transactions only, (b) originate and print transactions and forms, or (c) originate transactions and originate reports.

Sensitive Accounting Activities. Users commonly should not be given way to sensitive accounting activities. Such activities include:

o Maintaining the chart of accounts.
o Working in the inventory register for balance sheet accounts.
o Reconciling accounts.
o making journal entries.
o Using the "Accountant's Review."
o Transferring funds between accounts.
o Using online banking.
o Creating budgets.
o Printing registers.
o Condensing data.

Even if users are given full or selective way to sensitive accounting activities, they cannot originate financial reports (with the exception of the "Payroll Report") or convert or delete previously recorded transactions. Those permissions must be assigned separately, as discussed in the following paragraphs. The QuickBooks Administrator commonly should be the only user with way to sensitive accounting activities.

Sensitive Financial Reports. Users commonly should not be given way to sensitive financial reports (such as the balance sheet, behalf and loss reports, allocation reports, cash flow reports, earnings tax reports, and audit trail reports). That way allows users to originate all reports and graphs ready in QuickBooks. However, even users with way to reports cannot convert or delete transactions included in the reports. That permission must be assigned separately, as discussed in the following paragraph. The QuickBooks Administrator commonly should be the only user with way to sensitive financial reports.

Changing and Deleting Transactions. Even if QuickBooks users have full way in a singular area, they cannot convert or delete transactions in that area unless they are given that permission in the "Changing or Deleting Transactions" window. For example, a user with full way in the sales and accounts receivable area cannot convert invoices or sales receipts unless they are given permission to convert or delete transactions. However, even if users do not have permission to convert or delete transactions, they can convert or delete transactions they entered in the current QuickBooks session so that fast identified data entry errors can be corrected. Users that are given permission to convert or delete transactions can alter transactions only in areas in which they have access. For example, users that have way to the inventory area but not to the payroll area cannot alter payroll transactions even if they have permission to convert or delete transactions. The QuickBooks Administrator commonly should be the only user with permission to convert or delete historical transactions.

If a user is given permission to convert or delete transactions in areas in which they have access, the "Changing or Deleting Transactions" window also asks Either the user should be able to convert or delete transactions recorded before the end date. The QuickBooks Administrator all the time should deny users way to such transactions by choosing "No" in response to that question. Even when "No" is selected, users can view prior-period transactions in QuickBooks areas to which they have access. If "Yes" is superior and the administrator sets a password, the user will be required to enter the password.

Viewing Data. QuickBooks allows the QuickBooks Administrator to limit a user's way to creating sensitive financial reports or creating and printing sensitive reports. clubs can use this feature to allow the Controller, Chief Financial Officer, or an additional one man independent of the accounting function the potential to oversee the accounting operations. Because many clubs often have small accounting staffs, this increased oversight can mitigate some of the risk to the theory of internal control created by having miniature segregation of duties.

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